Statistical analysis was performed to test the significant effect of tillage practices on soil properties in questions. In addition, a penetrometer was used to measure compaction levels in the soil. Disturbed soil samples were used to determine soil pH and SOM levels. Bulk density, WHC, and FC of the soil was determined from the undisturbed soil samples. The samples were analyzed for bulk density (BD), water holding capacity (WHC), field capacity (FC), soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and compaction. Three undisturbed and three disturbed soil samples were taken from the topsoil at the depth of 0 to 7.5 cm. The objective of this study was to compare selected soil properties collected from no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) systems in Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. Tillage practices that provides an adequate growing environment for crops and maintains good soil structure is crucial. Soil density plays a major role both in plant growth and in engineering uses of soil.Soil properties are affected by tillage practices. These two density measurements provide an important insight into the physical nature of a given soil. Particle density refers to the mass of solids per volume of the solids alone. The volume includes both solids and pores. Bulk density of a soil refers to the mass of a volume of dry soil. Organic matter affects the solids portion of the soil but also influences porosity indirectly through its effect on structure.ĭensity refers to a mass per unit volume. Therefore, texture and structure govern the amount of soil pore space. The total pore space consists of the voids between sand, silt, and clay particles and voids between soil aggregates. The voids, or pore space, are important for air and water movement and storage. Soil represents a unique arrangement of solids and voids. Bulk Density, Particle Density, and Pore Space In this laboratory, additional physical properties will be measured, and their implications for land management will be discussed. Several important physical properties have been discussed in other labs: texture, structure, color, and consistency. Soil physical properties control the mechanical behavior of soils and will strongly influence land use and management. Describe several examples of soil management practices that increase or decrease soil bulk density.Briefly describe the processes of soil structure (aggregate) formation. ![]() ![]() What are the sizes of macropores and micropores?.What is the typical range of bulk density values for mineral soils? What is the range of bulk density values for an organic soil?.Write a mathematical expression for these relationships. Describe the relationship between 1) bulk density and porosity and 2) particle density and porosity.Define and explain the differences among particle density, bulk density, and specific gravity.They are also useful as study notes for exams. These definitions/questions will provide a concise summary of the major concepts addressed in the lab. Using the recommended reading and viewing resources and the introduction to this lab, answer the questions listed below.
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